This article examines the evolving integration of farming and livestock keeping in Kenya and Tanzania, and its impact on livelihoods, land use, food security, and the environment. It finds that “hybrid” agropastoral livelihoods, which blend these…
Over six decades (1961–2021), Tanzania's agriculture transformed significantly due to population growth, policy shifts, and climate variability. Agricultural land expanded by 52% and arable land by 160%, but rapid population growth (3.38% annually)…
This study examines how the 2008/2009 global financial crisis (GFC) and the COVID-19 pandemic differentially impacted Kenya's export and import performance at the firm level. Utilising monthly firm-level customs data from 2006 to 2022, we decompose…