The Lagos Plan of Action and Abuja Treaty serve as foundations for the AfCFTA, which is based on Africa's economic unification goal. Its five-year implementation is evaluated in this research, which also highlights opportunities, advancements, and…
This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI), e-commerce, and digital trade are reshaping global trade systems and what these changes mean for Africa in general and particularly for Nigeria. These three elements now sit at the centre of…
With the rapid advancement of corporate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) ratings, it is crucial to examine their effects on China’s pursuit of ‘New Quality Productive Forces’ from both efficiency-driven and innovation-driven perspectives…
This study examines Chinaʼs policy pathways for building a resilient supply chain from a dual perspective of competitiveness enhancement and spatial optimization. Specifically, China has implemented a multi-tiered industrial policy framework—‘Fix…
The Fisheries Subsidies Agreement (hereinafter “FSA”) reached at the 12th Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) marked a historic achievement in furthering agenda 14.6 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (…
This article provides an interdisciplinary analysis of the World Trade Organization (hereinafter “WTO”) Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (hereinafter “AFS”), framing it as a pivotal yet complex advance in global efforts to address overfishing. It…
The recently concluded Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) marks a significant evolution in international investment agreements. Central to this agreement is a pioneering…