The program is structured over four sessions of two hours duration. It is aimed to senior to mid-level government officials from Brazilian government; partners of the National Program for Export Culture (PNCE) which includes Brazilian subnational entities and public and private bodies; and representatives from Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay.
The course focuses on the laws, principles, functioning and jurisprudence of International Trade Law. Students will understand the principles of multilateral and bilateral trade and engage with the practice of international trade law with the help of current jurisprudence and hypothetical dispute scenarios. The students will receive an appreciation of the purpose and functions of the WTO and be familiar with its principal rules, impact and jurisprudence. Students will learn with a unique combination of lectures, class discussions and practice exercises.
Panel on Gender and Trade: How could initiatives on gender and trade deliver real results? along Sara Cohen, Ed Gresser, Mona Haddad, and moderator Florizelle Liser. Rethinking World Trade Conference in Georgetown Law University, Washington, United States.
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following sections, the chapter will first chart out the relationship between trade and labour and thereafter discuss the nexus between trade and gender concerns.
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision.
The increasing trend of the inclusion of gender equality and women’s economic empowerment concerns in the negotiation of trade agreements creates a need to strengthen informed dialogue between the public and private sectors. Trade negotiators are often not aware of the specific barriers faced by women in their various economic roles, and as a result, face a challenge in promoting provisions that will successfully address these barriers.
The distributional outcomes of trade agreements have historically been uneven, creating both “losers” as well as “winners” and benefitting certain stakeholders while leaving others without benefits or even with negative repercussions. In particular, distributional outcomes can vary between women and men, since they play different roles in society, markets, and economies, and they enjoy different opportunities as well. At times, and sometimes by their very nature, trade agreements can restrict opportunities for women and further increase the gender divide.
Trade policies create both 'winners' and 'losers', as some actors stand to benefit and others are left behind. More often than not, it has been women who have borne the negative impacts of international trade policy and it is thus imperative that future trade policy is negotiated and implemented with an eye toward women's interests. This collection represents an innovative systematic evaluation of the debate relating to international trade law, policy, and gender equality.
In the recent years, there has been an upsurge in the number of countries that are mainstreaming gender equality concerns in their trade and investment agreements. These recent developments challenge the long-standing assumption that trade, investment, and gender equality are not related. They also show that gender mainstreaming in trade and investment agreements is here to stay. However, very few countries – mostly developed countries – have led this mainstreaming approach and have made efforts to incentivize other countries to negotiate gender-responsive trade and investment agreements.
The Covid-19 pandemic has deepened the existing gender inequalities. In particular, it has dealt a significant blow to women entrepreneurs, as it has magnified the pre-pandemic disadvantages women have faced in the economic, social, financial and regulatory ecosystems they operate in, particularly due to the nature and size of their businesses. The article outlines three main reasons that explain why women entrepreneurs have been disproportionately impacted during this health pandemic.