Pakistan ranks among the world’s most polluted countries, with transport emissions being a major contributor to deteriorating air quality. In Punjab, rising smog poses serious environmental and public health risks, with Lahore’s transport sector…
This paper examines how a country’s integration into global value chains (GVCs) influences its economic growth. GVCs have transformed international trade by shifting the focus from final goods to fragmented production networks across countries.…
This study examines Chinaʼs policy pathways for building a resilient supply chain from a dual perspective of competitiveness enhancement and spatial optimization. Specifically, China has implemented a multi-tiered industrial policy framework—‘Fix…
Amidst an increasingly complex global economic landscape, the rapid expansion of digital trade has emerged as a vital growth engine for nations worldwide while simultaneously disrupting traditional international trade frameworks. Major developed…
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities in global public health governance and the international trade system, particularly in the distribution of essential medical products. Despite entering a post-pandemic era, the risk of future…
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities in global public health governance and the international trade system, particularly in the distribution of essential medical products. Despite entering a post-pandemic era, the risk of future…
Este artículo explora cómo la desglobalización y la fragmentación del comercio están reconfigurando los patrones de integración regional y los flujos de las cadenas de valor globales. Empleando un enfoque de métodos mixtos, combina análisis…