As data breaches often affect a large number of data subjects, the material and non-material damages sustained from the violations of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are staggering. Meanwhile, EU law lacks clarity on this subject.…
The rupture promoted by the US tariff policy compromises the multilateral trade order. The North American retraction projects scenarios of multipolarity and opens space for greater protagonism of China and powers medium. Thus, a new configuration of…
Cross-border data transfer is a controversial topic in modern digital trade law due to the different positions of major economies. While several efforts to harmonize cross-border data transfer laws have been made in the multilateral or regional…
This paper presents the relationship between geoeconomics and companies, identifying the possible impacts of geoeconomics on corporate strategies. It discusses how the competition among major powers and the increasing use of economics for…
This article introduces geoeconomics as a new analytical framework for understanding the contemporary international order, marked by multiple crises and the fragmentation of the multilateral trade system. The study adopts a multidisciplinary…
This article offers an introductory analysis of the concept of geoeconomics, contextualizing its resurgence, current applications, and strategic relevance in contemporary global affairs. It begins with a historical and interdisciplinary literature…
This article examines the rise of geoeconomics as a key analytical paradigm for understanding the ongoing transformations in the international economic order. Against the backdrop of the decline of the neoliberal model, events such as the U.S. China…
Central bank digital currency (“CBDC”) is a crucial FinTech development that aspires to overhaul the current payment system. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, CBDCs' promises to reduce personal contact, facilitate socially desirable use of…