As data breaches often affect a large number of data subjects, the material and non-material damages sustained from the violations of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are staggering. Meanwhile, EU law lacks clarity on this subject.…
Cross-border data transfer is a controversial topic in modern digital trade law due to the different positions of major economies. While several efforts to harmonize cross-border data transfer laws have been made in the multilateral or regional…
The paper aims to verify the ambivalent causal relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions.
The data used were obtained from the World Development Indicators database for the period of 2000-2023. The
simultaneous equation model…
Although several studies have assessed the influence of tourism on CO2 emissions, the moderating impact of governance quality on the tourism-CO2 emissions nexus is quite sparse. To fill this gap in the literature, this study examines the moderating…
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following…
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision. Though most of…