This paper examines how artificial intelligence (AI), e-commerce, and digital trade are reshaping global trade systems and what these changes mean for Africa in general and particularly for Nigeria. These three elements now sit at the centre of…
When we proxy trade finance by the sum of trade finance loans and export-adjusted notes receivable, elasticity estimates range between 0.18-0.31 depending on the sample of exporters. These estimates are comparable to single and multi-instrument…
The global digital economy is witnessing the transformative impact of Artificial intelligence (AI), prompting nations to engage in AI-driven trade agreements. Under the digital trade context, these agreements aim to promote and regulate AI…
The growing importance of trade in services in the international economy motivates the study of different factors that may influence the development of this sector. This paper seeks to contribute to the scarce research on access to financing for the…
We examine the financial risk management of the climate crisis from three perspectives. First, we assess the serious risks from climate change. The ecological and financial consequences of climate change depend on the future path of emissions, as…
This article is an empirical attempt to explore the relationship between sanctions (financial and non-financial), oil price shocks and Iran-Russian bilateral trade flows over the period 1991–2014. In contrast to earlier studies in which a gravity…