The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) has been implementing a work programme supporting small-scale traders, through the COMESA Simplified Trade Regime (STR) and COMESA Trade Information Desks (TIDs) at key border crossings in…
This paper examines the impact of major disasters on import and export flows using a gravity model (170 countries, 1962–2004).As a conservative estimate, an additional disaster reduces imports on average by 0.2% and exports by 0.1%. Despite the…
The purpose of multilateral disciplines on subsidies is to avoid trade distortions, in order to
increase production efficiencies through competition. However, this objective may be defeated due
to defects in the structure of the WTO Agreement on…
In two early WTO cases, the Appellate Body found a failure to engage in negotiations to be arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination under the GATT Article XX chapeau. Subsequent jurisprudence has not applied a negotiation requirement. Instead, it…
This article analyzes how treaty structure affects regulatory autonomy by shifting the point in a treaty in which tribunals address public interest regulation. The article also analyzes how trade and investment treaties use a variety of structures…