Le 21 mars 2018, à Kigali, au Rwanda, une étape majeure dans le processus d'intégration économique de l'Afrique a été franchie avec la signature de l'Accord établissant la Zone de libre-échange continentale africaine (ZLECAf) par 44 pays africains.…
When we proxy trade finance by the sum of trade finance loans and export-adjusted notes receivable, elasticity estimates range between 0.18-0.31 depending on the sample of exporters. These estimates are comparable to single and multi-instrument…
We consider two countries with initially one firm in each country and the possibility for each firm to invest in the other country or commercialize its products, and for workers to immigrate (Common Labor Market; CLM). Interestingly, when firms…
Existing approaches to the analysis of countries economic integration processes in international practice are investigated in the paper. Evaluating methodology of the long-term integration processes in the electric power sector is offered for the…
The growing importance of trade in services in the international economy motivates the study of different factors that may influence the development of this sector. This paper seeks to contribute to the scarce research on access to financing for the…
We examine the financial risk management of the climate crisis from three perspectives. First, we assess the serious risks from climate change. The ecological and financial consequences of climate change depend on the future path of emissions, as…
This article is an empirical attempt to explore the relationship between sanctions (financial and non-financial), oil price shocks and Iran-Russian bilateral trade flows over the period 1991–2014. In contrast to earlier studies in which a gravity…