Pakistan is once again grappling with a severe economic crisis marked by a persistent balance of payments deficit, stagnant growth, inflation, rising unemployment, and deepening poverty. At the heart of this crisis lies a chronic export shortfall.…
In recent years, the debate surrounding free trade versus protectionism has intensified, particularly as industrialized countries face increasing competition from emerging economies. This argument is of particular importance to Pakistan which faces…
Increased market access through trade liberalization can affect the markups, prices, and marginal costs of exporters. Understanding these dynamics is critical for firms and policymakers, particularly as they formulate export strategies. We examine…
This report explores the potential impact of a future Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between Pakistan and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) on services trade. It highlights the growing importance of services in global trade and examines Pakistan’s…
This study examines the self-selection and the learning-by-exporting hypotheses to determine the direction of causality between firm’s productivity and its export status for the textile manufacturers in Punjab, Pakistan. Using disaggregated product…