The impacts of environmental barriers and measures on international trade: challenges for Brazil

The environmental issues and their intersection with activities such as trade have been winning greater space and preponderance in the international scenario. The article analyzes the intersection between trade and the environment within four regulation frameworks: World Trade Organization (WTO), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) and environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG). Additionally, it identifies Brazil’s position in this scenario and inquires what challenges the country is likely to face from the perspective of a competitive insertion in an increasingly sustainable global economy.