At World Trade Organization (WTO), nothing is agreed until everything is agreed and until everyone agrees at the negotiating tables, and that ‘magic’ moment has been difficult to arrive at. Some WTO Members have argued that if all Members cannot move ahead together with the acceptance of new rules, the Members who are able and willing to move ahead should be provided with the required space to do so. Some Members have indeed chosen to push ahead as they have recently sought progress in negotiations through the Joint Statement Initiatives (JSIs).

The study of the trade policy concepts within a framework of hyper globalization and global regulation system transformation requires new theoretical and methodological approaches. On the one hand, trade policy design and implementation is closely linked to a wide range of issues from e-commerce to gender inequality. On the other hand, the newest trade theory focuses on studying the companies’ export activities, their participation in global value chains and their trade costs. In addition, research methodology for various quantitative methods has grown significantly.