Pakistan ranks among the world’s most polluted countries, with transport emissions being a major contributor to deteriorating air quality. In Punjab, rising smog poses serious environmental and public health risks, with Lahore’s transport sector…
This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
El Reglamento del Modelo OMC Ecuador 2024 – Comité de Comercio y Desarrollo establece las normas y procedimientos para la simulación académica del funcionamiento de este órgano de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC). Organizado por la Cátedra…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
A major shift has been observed recently in the transport industry due in no small part to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper was to determine the changes that occurred on the cargo transport market during that period. In order to…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…