Pakistan ranks among the world’s most polluted countries, with transport emissions being a major contributor to deteriorating air quality. In Punjab, rising smog poses serious environmental and public health risks, with Lahore’s transport sector…
Based on Grossman and Esteban's (2008) task service model, this paper derives a mathematical model of how productive service trade competitiveness affects manufacturing firms’ production costs, and a theoretical model of how productive service…
A major shift has been observed recently in the transport industry due in no small part to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper was to determine the changes that occurred on the cargo transport market during that period. In order to…