This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
The WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) serves as the pivotal multilateral framework setting out the rules and principles governing agricultural trade. It contains detailed rules regarding domestic support, market access, and export subsidies in…
Several cross-cutting issues on trade and agriculture are emerging in discussions at various international forums, including the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and Bilateral trade agreements. The global agriculture landscape faces multifaceted…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
This article delineates the institutional structures established by Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Costa Rica to facilitate their accession to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The analysis delves into the political and…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…