This study examines Africa’s reliance on imported products using fivecriteria: market concentration, foreign demand, capacity for domestic substitution, market relevance, and product elasticity of substitution. Byanalyzing Africa’s imports with over…
This study analyzes the effect of China’s import dominance on Africa’s structural transformation, measured through the Shapley decomposition approach. A pooled mean group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) model is analyzed using panel data…
AbstractBackground: Transfer pricing manipulation diminishes revenue generation by the host countries. The results of the investigations in the literature show divergence to the extent of the impact of transfer pricing on economic growth in both the…
AbstractThis study examines the impact of exports, imports, and trade openness on Namibia’s economic growth using the ARDL cointegration method. The results reveal a significant negative relationship between imports and economic growth, while…