this study aims to examine the digital readiness of rwandan women entrepreneurs andits effect on business performance within the context of afcFta. the study employeda mixed-methods approach, including a cross-sectional survey on 94 rwandan…
Positive strides have been made by international institutions and states in reaf rming the need for
women’s empowerment and gender equality. In the eld of international trade law, there has been a wave
of multilateral as well as regional and…
In recent years, trade agreements between states have evolved, expanding the topics addressed, including, in some cases, chapters on gender. The general objective of this study is to determine whether the Gender Chapter of the Interim Trade…
Purpose: The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) represents a monumental step toward the economic integration of the African continent, aiming to create a single market for goods and services among 55 African Union member states. With an…
The impact of trade agreements is not gender neutral, as women and men play different roles and enjoy different opportunities in society, markets and the economy. In order to minimize the unintended discriminatory impact of these agreements on women…
La participation des femmes à la population active reste inférieure à celle des hommes, notamment dans les pays en développement (PED) et les régions comme l’Afrique du Nord ou l’Asie du Sud. Cette inégalité, persistante malgré la…
Historical experience suggests that improving employment and working conditions is not achievable without structural transformations in the economy. Through these transformations, surplus labor in informal sectors and activities can be moved to…
This chapter provides an overview of the growing influence of both labour standards and gender equality concerns in contemporary trade debates, and in particular how existing FTAs have increasingly accommodated both types of issues. In the following…