This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
ln recent years, the trend of politicization of trade has become increasingly fierce. The reasons are as follows: firstly, at the ideological level, it is caused by the zero-sum game thought prevailing in the international society dominated by the…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
This article delineates the institutional structures established by Mexico, Chile, Colombia, and Costa Rica to facilitate their accession to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The analysis delves into the political and…
Background
Globalisation has brought significant benefits to countries’ industrialisation, but its impact has not been uniform. Policymakers in developing countries have increasingly focused on sound institutions’ role in offsetting the potential…
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…