This article examines the relationship between transparency and legitimacy in investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS) jurisprudence, particularly in the context of Third-Party Funding (TPF). The initial section of the paper scrutinizes transparency…
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
The primary aim of this paper was to test the impact of customer reviews, website quality, perceived service quality, and product assortment on perceived value and online loyalty. This study also sought to confirm whether perceived value mediates…
This empirical study aims to investigate the effects of political instability on economic volatility and monetary policy conduct. The econometric methodology adopted is the Panel Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (PARDL). The instability variable was…
AbstractA sound education system is one of the keys to personal mastery and growth and a country’s socio-economic development more broadly. Globally, Africa is the furthest behind in terms of educational achievement levels, with serious shortcomings…
Foreign currency shortages remain a perennial challenge in Zimbabwe leading to several spillover effects such as shortages in electricity, raw materials, fuel, inflation among other market distortions. The central bank introduced the Dutch Auction…