We study the effect of the labor clauses (LCs) in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on the informal economy. Using a sample comprising 112 countries for the period 2000-2017, we show that PTAs increase informality in low- and middle-income…
There is broad consensus that job creation and productive employment are key to building a vibrant, inclusive economy. The digital era holds potential to expand employment opportunities, especially in Africa, where unemployment is high and economic…