The mounting interest in the environment has triggered scholars’ attention and effort to study the determinants of environmental degradation. Yet, a gap in the literature remains unexplored, environmental impacts of trade market diversification/…
The complex relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), political stability, and economic growth remains a critical area of study, particularly for developing economies like South Africa. This research investigates how FDI impacts economic…
This study examines Africa’s reliance on imported products using fivecriteria: market concentration, foreign demand, capacity for domestic substitution, market relevance, and product elasticity of substitution. Byanalyzing Africa’s imports with over…
This study analyzes the effect of China’s import dominance on Africa’s structural transformation, measured through the Shapley decomposition approach. A pooled mean group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) model is analyzed using panel data…