We examine the relationship between low-priced intermediate inputs (via input tariff reductions) and export performance indicators using panel data from 166 countries from the years 2000-2015. Employing an instrumental variable approach, we show…
This paper explores the evolving concept and legal characteristics of international trade in services, emphasizing the growing importance of the service sector in the global economy. The study examines the challenges in defining “services” in legal…
The research paper analyses the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) as one of the contractual sources of international law. Emphasizing the main aspects of the GATS, the author describes tourism…
The article evaluates Uzbekistan's productive potential by analyzing key indicators comprising the UNCTAD Productive Capacities Index (PCI) categories. The analysis highlights existing problems and constraints that affect Uzbekistan's productive…
Environmental sustainability has become a critical global challenge, driving researchers and policymakers to explore
solutions that balance economic growth with ecological preservation. As nations strive to achieve the United Nations
Sustainable…
According to the World Trade Organization (WTO, 2021), international trade—including the production and transportation of manufactured goods—accounts for 20 to 30 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study examines the relationship…
In recent years, the debate surrounding free trade versus protectionism has intensified, particularly as industrialized countries face increasing competition from emerging economies. This argument is of particular importance to Pakistan which faces…
The Lahore School of Economics macro model estimates that Pakistan's GDP growth for FY 2023-2024 is projected at 1.68%, reflecting ongoing weaknesses in sectoral performance, particularly in large-scale manufacturing, which barely broke even after a…