Against the backdrop of the rapid rise of the digital economy, digital services trade has emerged with enormous development potential. This study selects panel data from 2008 to 2021 between China and 65 Belt and Road Initiative countries as the…
The World Trade Organization (WTO) faces complex challenges as it carries out reforms given the intertwining interests of its members under the multilateral trading regime. When the WTO fulfills its dispute settlement function, some members differ…
According to the World Trade Organization (WTO, 2021), international trade—including the production and transportation of manufactured goods—accounts for 20 to 30 percent of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study examines the relationship…
In recent years, the debate surrounding free trade versus protectionism has intensified, particularly as industrialized countries face increasing competition from emerging economies. This argument is of particular importance to Pakistan which faces…
The Lahore School of Economics macro model estimates that Pakistan's GDP growth for FY 2023-2024 is projected at 1.68%, reflecting ongoing weaknesses in sectoral performance, particularly in large-scale manufacturing, which barely broke even after a…
This research paper explores the dynamic relationship between trade openness, financial development, and economic growth in Lesotho. The study utilizes quarterly time series data spanning from 1970 to 2021, obtained from the Central Bank of Lesotho…