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The Reparation Theory in European Union Damages Liabilities Cases: Challenges for Data Breaches
As data breaches often affect a large number of data subjects, the material and non-material damages sustained from the violations of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are staggering. Meanwhile, EU law lacks clarity on this subject.…
Das EU-Governance-Modelldergemeinsamen Datennutzung und seine Denkanstöße für China
Mit der Einfuhrung des Datengesetzes und des Daten-Governance-Gesetzes(DGA) und der schrittweisen Verbesserung des ,digitalen öffentlichen Raums der EU“nimmt das EU-Governance-Modell der Datennutzung allmahlich klare Konturen an. Die EU hat sich für…
Do natural resources influence E-government in developing countries? Effects and transmission channels
E-government has taken a prominent place in the political and economic debate. Despite the vast nonconsensual literature, on the effects of natural resources, very little is known about the effects of these resources on the development of e-…
From Confrontation To Coexistence: An Appeal Opt-Out Arrangement As An Inclusive Approach To Revive The WTO Dispute Settlement System?
Resolving the crisis in the dispute settlement system is a priority issue for the reform of the World Trade Organization (WTO), and Members have made sustained efforts in this regard. Since the Twelfth Ministerial Conference (MC12), discussions on…
How does Digital Technology Affect Export in Services?
Authors: Zhou N., Nan Kong., Bingjie Wang., Zhang Y Based on the comprehensive measures of digital technology and cross-country services trade database, our study empirically examines the impacts of digital technology on export in services. We find…
Disciplining CBDCs: Achieving the Balance between Privacy Protection and Central Bank Independence
Central bank digital currency (“CBDC”) is a crucial FinTech development that aspires to overhaul the current payment system. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, CBDCs' promises to reduce personal contact, facilitate socially desirable use of…
The Problems of Using the Latest Institutional Arbitration Rules for Investment Treaty Disputes
International arbitration institutions have been requested to administer an increasing number of investment disputes. In investment arbitration, a responding state usually stipulates its standing offers to arbitrate in the bilateral investment…
Adequate Level of Data Protection and ADR in Cross-border Data Disputes — International Trade Law Perspective
Regulatory measures on cross-border data flows are essential to personal data protection laws. The General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) of the European Union (“EU”) is one of such influential personal data protection regimes, which has become…
Digital Economy, Sustainability and International Economic Law (Series Title: Current and Future Developments in Law, Volume 3)
This volume reviews issues that address the interconnection between digital economy, sustainability and international economic law. It covers a range of topics, including renewables subsidies, AI and corporate governance, digital currency, dispute…
Dispute Settlement Mechanisms: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
This article was published in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law.   More information on this publication is available here.