Todas las mercancías importadas tienen un valor que debe ser determinado en aduana. Esa estimación no debe constituir un obstáculo al comercio y, por tanto, la finalidad del Acuerdo sobre valoración aduanera de la OMC es establecer un sistema…
Orientation: Agriculture is key to South Africa’s economy, but exports face high transport costs, logistical bottlenecks, and infrastructure constraints, limiting competitiveness.
Research purpose: To examine how transport costs and logistical…
AbstractGlobalisation is a deep-rooted phenomenon that has significantly shaped developed and developing economies alike. Characterised by its controversial past, South Africa provides a unique case when considering how global integration has…
Ce rapport est la contribution de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO) dans le cadre du projet TCP/TUN/3801 «Réponses aux conséquences de la crise de la covid‑19 sur les chaînes de valeur alimentaires et…