China, the EU and the United States are the world’s largest traders, and many of the tensions in the trading system arise in the relations among them. Our premise is that reforming WTO is a necessary condition for the organization to be a more…
Abstract: After lengthy and tough negotiations, China became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, which is widely considered as a landmark economic event in modern world history. The WTO accession marked a milestone of China’s…
Spillover Effects of Government Subsidies On Outward Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from China.
We examine the effect of government subsidies on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) by Chinese listed firms. Based on a panel dataset covering Chinese listed firms from 2009 to 2021, our findings indicate that government subsidies can promote…
Orientation: Agriculture is key to South Africa’s economy, but exports face high transport costs, logistical bottlenecks, and infrastructure constraints, limiting competitiveness.
Research purpose: To examine how transport costs and logistical…
Ce rapport est la contribution de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO) dans le cadre du projet TCP/TUN/3801 «Réponses aux conséquences de la crise de la covid‑19 sur les chaînes de valeur alimentaires et…