World Trade Organisation grants rights to its Members, and WTO Dispute Settlement Understanding provides a rule-oriented consultative and judicial mechanism to protect these rights in cases of WTO-incompatible trade infringements. However, the DSU…
This paper employs the WITS-SMART simulation model to examine the welfare effects of economic integration in the TFTA region. The results indicate that welfare gains are skewed, and some countries and economic sectors are poised to gain more than…
The renegotiation of NAFTA was surrounded by a dramatic atmosphere, just as Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Chrystia Freeland predicted. The negotiations took place against a backdrop of unilateral trade measures, President Trump’s mercantilist…
The controversy whether the “fear of floating” or the “fear of capital mobility” determines a country’s foreign reserve holdings is an ongoing research debate. This issue remains unresolved in global economic and finance studies. This study has the…
Effective risk management is a prerequisite to find an acceptable balance between the objectives of a customs operation and the streamlined flow of goods. The customs operations in many developing countries are characterised by high levels of…