A casual look at Europe’s and Africa’s experiences of integration suggests that they share certain similarities. They have also adopted a number of similar institutions and policy frameworks, and both regions have set for themselves the ambitious…
Background: Namibia is an open economy where international trade accounts for a greater
proportion of gross domestic product (GDP). Openness of the Namibian economy for the
period 2010 to 2018 has been on average 111% of GDP. The high level of…
For a multilateral system to be sustainable, it is important to have several escape clauses which can allow countries to protect their national security concerns. However, when these escape windows are too wide or ambiguous, defining their ambit and…
Note: All views or omissions are author's own. This paper is solely for academic exchange purposes, and it does not reflect or suggest WTO's view on this or any other matter at all.
In the past few months, we have witnessed the “worst deal” in the…
In the recent years, we have witnessed a sharp increase in the number of free trade agreements (FTAs) with gender-related provisions. The key champions of this evolution include Canada, Chile, and the European Union. These countries have proposed a…
Background: One of the most compelling arguments for regional trade and integration in
Africa is that the African market is the most fragmented in the world, with only 16% of trade
being within the continent. Furthermore, with 14 regional economic…