The distributional outcomes of trade agreements have historically been uneven, creating both “losers” as well as “winners” and benefitting certain stakeholders while leaving others without benefits or even with negative repercussions. In particular…
The Encyclopedia is the definitive reference work on international economic law. This comprehensive resource helps redefine the field by presenting international economic law in its broadest, real-world context. The chapter is a report on Mexico…
Trade policies create both 'winners' and 'losers', as some actors stand to benefit and others are left behind. More often than not, it has been women who have borne the negative impacts of international trade policy and it is…
In the recent years, there has been an upsurge in the number of countries that are mainstreaming gender equality concerns in their trade and investment agreements. These recent developments challenge the long-standing assumption that trade,…
At World Trade Organization (WTO), nothing is agreed until everything is agreed and until everyone agrees at the negotiating tables, and that ‘magic’ moment has been difficult to arrive at. Some WTO Members have argued that if all Members cannot…
The Covid-19 pandemic has deepened the existing gender inequalities. In particular, it has dealt a significant blow to women entrepreneurs, as it has magnified the pre-pandemic disadvantages women have faced in the economic, social, financial and…
Bahri, A. (2021). Making Trade Agreements Work for Women Empowerment:. Latin American Journal of Trade Policy, 4(11), 6 - 24. doi:10.5354/0719-9368.2021.65667
In the recent years, there has been an upsurge in the number of FTAs that are…
33 (1) European Journal of International Law (2022). The most common provisions we find in almost all multilateral, regional and bilateral trade agreements are the exception clauses that allow countries to protect public morals, humans, animals or…
COVID-19 has played havoc with the global economy, and with it, international trade. Amidst it all, something else has been happening that we need to take account of, i.e., the increasing gender divide. COVID-19 is magnifying the impact of the pre-…
Global Trade and Customs Journal, Volume 17, Issue 2 (2022) pp. 81 – 90
The World Trade Organization (WTO) has three main functions: (i) it provides a negotiation forum where Members can negotiate new agreements and understandings, (ii) it provides…