E-commerce is growing rapidly in Argentina and Brazil, and in both countries the share of the population participating in e-commerce transactions exceeds the Latin American average. Both countries have established a legal framework for data protection, regulation of the internet, consumer protection, taxation of e-commerce, and contracts and e-signatures. Argentina and Brazil also have submitted proposals for negotiations over the treatment of e-commerce transactions in WTO Agreements, and included e-commerce provisions in free trade agreements (FTAs).

In light of the rapid advancement of e-commerce in the country, it is imperative that Morocco formulate a national e-commerce strategy and participate in the plurilateral negotiations which are taking place at the WTO. As a developing country, it must analyse the risk of adopting e-commerce rules that could widen the digital deficit in favour of businesses and developed countries which have a technological and historical advantage.
 

This project is intended to deliver research outputs and solutions to the major problems facing e-commerce and the digital economy in China and the WTO. The first part of the research will examine what approach China should take regarding global governance of the digital economy in the face of the US, EU and Japan's strategies, and in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. It will also examine China's efforts to constrain data governance hegemony through the "Digital Silk Road," a component of the Belt and Road Initiative.

This book explores the ways to 'rethink', 'repackage' and 'rescue' world trade law in the post-COVID-19 era. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as an important context, the book makes original and critical contributions to the growing debate over a range of emerging challenges and systemic issues that might change the landscape of world trade law in the years to come. The book asks: do these unprecedented times and challenges call for reengineering the world trading system and a further retreat from trade liberalisation?

The experience to date in the WTO suggests that the plurilingual nature of the WTO Agreements does not make treaty interpretation significantly more difficult than it would be with a text authentic in one language only. The terms of a plurilingual treaty are presumed to have the same meaning in each authentic text, which means that a treaty interpreter need not compare the authentic texts as a routine matter as a matter of law.