As inter-sectoral linkages are being increasingly organized in complex networks, It has become inconceivable to study sectors’ responses to exogenous shocks without considering the nature of these invisible but real linkages Leontief (1941). However…
We use unique enterprise survey data to explore the export behavior of firms in Tunisia, a small, trade-dependent country with a complex policy environment regarding exporting. Firms may export directly or indirectly through intermediaries, and can…
In this paper we evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown policies on Tunisia’s supply chains. We estimate a Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood model using data on bilateral imports for intermediate, capital, and final goods for the years 2019 and…
In recent years, more and more countries have included different kinds of gender considerations in their trade agreements. Yet many countries have still not signed their very first agreement with a gender equality-related provision. Though most of…
The increasing trend of the inclusion of gender equality and women’s economic empowerment concerns in the negotiation of trade agreements creates a need to strengthen informed dialogue between the public and private sectors. Trade negotiators are…
The distributional outcomes of trade agreements have historically been uneven, creating both “losers” as well as “winners” and benefitting certain stakeholders while leaving others without benefits or even with negative repercussions. In particular…