Trade openness remains one of the key drivers of exchange rate fluctuations in both the long-run and short-run. The relationship between trade openness and exchange rate has long been explained in many theoretical and empirical studies. Nevertheless…
This research is also a collaboration between the Centre for World Trade Studies UGM and NPPA. It analyzes the impact of opening public procurement market access (GPA) in WTO, IJEPA (Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement) and IEU CEPA (…