This chapter investigates the uneven effects of TBT/SPS measures on bilateral trade flows, according to a country’s income level. Estimating standard gravity models, we find that the effects of TBT/SPS depend mostly on the exporter’s development…
Brazil has applied to become a member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Considering this, the present analysis seeks to understand the role of the OECD in global governance of sustainability. Indeed, if Brazil is…
The purpose of this research is to develop a comparative framework between the regulatory systems of Brazil and Argentina in order to verify possible non-tariff barriers to bilateral trade and trade with third countries. Three dimensions were…
In this report, the research team analyses the non-tariff difficulties to international trade of Brazil and Argentina, especially (but not limited to) the bilateral trade. The report will also identify the more problematic topics concerning the…
This report examines technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures for different economic sectors in Brazil and in Argentina, under the multilateral trading system rules for trade in goods.
The main goals of this document are: Identifying 7 industrial products’ sectors of current or potential significance in terms of trade between the EU and Brazil (priority sectors); Taking into consideration, in this analysis, the interests of EU…
In September 2015, the United Nations member states agreed on a new agenda on sustainable development that sets a range of gender related goals that shall be achieved by the international community in the following years. Among them, the women’s…
Voluntary sustainability standards are part of the new challenges faced by the multilateral trading system. Regulatory barriers to trade, especially technical barriers and sanitary and phytosanitary measures, apply to several sectors such as trade…
Significant reductions in tariff and non-tariff barriers as well as advances in information technology over the last decades have allowed countries to expand their production process beyond national borders, reflecting the increasing relevance of…
1.Motivation: The increasing relevance of time as a trade barrier;
2.The relationship between time and Global Value Chains (capital intensive goods are more sensitive to time);
3.Can the TFA promote a new wave of fragmentation?;
4.How the TFA is…