For many years, the European Union has been an important market for agricultural products from Africa. However, African agricultural exporters have often found the European market difficult to access because of a raft of NTMs that add to exporters’…
Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Soft Science Program: International Development of Biomedical Intellectual Property Incentive Mechanism and China's Countermeasures
Date of Project: June/2016 to July/2017
The Intellectual Property…
This chapter investigates the uneven effects of TBT/SPS measures on bilateral trade flows, according to a country’s income level. Estimating standard gravity models, we find that the effects of TBT/SPS depend mostly on the exporter’s development…