The Gulf Cooperation Council countries (GCC) have recently embarked in an energy subsidy reform following the drastic drop of international oil prices in 2014. The reform consists of increasing energy prices (fuel, electricity, gas) in order to…
Trade in services and its positive relation with countries’ development has been a consideration in the design of public policies. In particular, since the return of democracy, it has been pointed out by Chilean authorities the intention to improve…
Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries have recently developed their renewable energy markets. However, their rate of investment in renewable energy remains small as compared to other regions in the world, despite their relative abundant…
Developing countries (DCs) have high population growth and food demand. Food security still one of the main goals in these countries. Moreover, foreign direct investment (FDI) is at the heart of their investment policy. For DCs attract FDI is an…
The economies of southern Africa all face significant development challenges, not helped by the fact that many of these countries are ill-prepared for the demands of the rapidly advancing digital era. Given its heterogeneous membership and therefore…
Trade has been identified as an important factor contributing to poverty reduction in many countries. This study uses a panel Vector Autoregressive framework, both in the long run and the short run to analyse the relationship between trade…